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| INTERNET DICTIONARY - LETTER "I" | |
| IAB | See: Internet Architecture Board |
| IANA | See: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority |
| ICMP | See: Internet Control Message Protocol |
| ICQ | I Seek You - A user-friendly Internet program that tells you who's online at all times. No longer will you search in vain for friends and associates on the Net. ICQ does the searching for you, alerting you in real time when friends or colleagues sign on. With ICQ, you can chat, send messages and files, play games, or just hang out with your fellow netizens as you surf the Net. |
| ID | See: Internet-Draft |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| IEEE 802 | See: 802.x |
| IEN | See: Internet Experiment Note |
| IESG | See: Internet Engineering Steering Group |
| IETF | See: Internet Engineering Task Force |
| IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force - An open community of networkers who manage and shape the Internet. |
| IGP | See: Interior Gateway Protocol |
| IINREN | See: Interagency Interim National Research and Education Network |
| IMAP | Internet Message Access Protocol - A method of accessing e-mail or bulletin board messages that are kept on a mail server. IMAP permits a "client" e-mail program to access remote messages as if they were on the users local machine. E-mail stored on an IMAP server can be manipulated from a desktop computer at home, a workstation at the office, and a notebook computer while traveling, without the need to transfer messages or files back and forth between these computers, as is usually the case with the POP style mail access protocol. |
| IMHO | In My Humble Opinion - A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum, IMHO indicates that the writer is aware that they are expressing a debatable view, probably on a subject already under discussion. One of may such shorthands in common use online, especially in discussion forums. |
| IMO | In My Opinion - An acronym often used in e-mail, posting, and IRC, this is usually more accurate than the alternative IMHO (In My Humble Opinion). |
| impressions | In regard to online advertising, it is the number of times an ad banner is downloaded and presumably seen by users. Guaranteed impressions refers to the minimum number of times an ad banner will be seen by users. |
| IMR | See: Internet Monthly Report |
| InContext WebAnalyzer | A Windows 95 software program for managing an Internet or intranet Web site for business or personal reasons. InContext WebAnalyzer gives you all the diagnostic and statistical tools you need to manage an error-free Web site with ease. If you've got broken links, WebAnalyzer detects them immediately and tells you what pages to fix to get your Web site working perfectly. |
| index | Can refer to a file or directory found on a server. The file usually contains information about the directory or Web site as well as access privileges required, dates, and even a list of other indexes (indices). This is usually the first place you check when you're looking for a file. A file called index.html is usually the starting point or home page for a Web site. A server is usually configured to display automatically the index.html or .htm file when a request for a certain directory comes to the server, therefore, the "default" page that comes up when you type in a URL like http://www.netlingo.com would be http://www.netlingo.com/index.html. |
| indices | Loosely a plural of index. A listing or directory of more than one index. An index of indexes or a directory of directories. |
| infobahn | or I-bahn - the information superhighway |
| information superhighway | or I-way - this is a buzzword from a speech by Vice President Al Gore that refers to the Clinton/Gore administration's plan to deregulate communication services and widen the scope of the Internet by opening carriers, such as television cable, to data communication. The term is widely used to mean the Internet, also referred to as the infobahn (I- bahn). |
| information packet | A bundle of data sent over a network. The protocol used determines the size and makeup of the packet. |
| InfoSeek | A service that searches the Web for pages that mention a word or phrase you specify. |
| InfoSpace | A service that enable users to easily and instantly locate listings of people, businesses, government offices, toll-free numbers, fax numbers, e-mail addresses, maps and URLs, all integrated into one Web site with nearly 100% accuracy. InfoSpace has developed a patent pending technology that fully integrates all of it's services, providing users with one comprehensive solution. |
| initialization string | A string of characters that gets a modem into action, usually "AT" for "attention." You must know the initialization string when setting up your computer for Internet access, these strings vary according to type of computer and type of modem, check with your ISP. |
| Inktomi | A research project at U.C. Berkely which is a prototype for a commercial search engine. The technology used exploits parallel computing technology. |
| in-line image | A built-in graphic that is dislayed by a Web browser as part of an HTML document and is retrieved along with it. |
| Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) | An emerging technology which is beginning to be offered by the telephone carriers of the world. ISDN combines voice and digital network services in a single medium, making it possible to offer customers digital data services as well as voice connections through a single "wire". The standards that define ISDN are specified by CCITT. See also: CCITT. Source: RFC1208 |
| Interagency Interim National Research and Education Network (IINREN) | An evolving operating network system. Near term (1992-1996) research and development activities will provide for the smooth evolution of this networking infrastructure into the future gigabit NREN. Source: HPCC |
| Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) | A protocol which distributes routing information to the routers within an autonomous system. The term "gateway" is historical, as "router" is currently the preferred term. See also: Autonomous System, Exterior Gateway Protocol, Open Shortest Path First..., Routing Information Protocol. |
| Intermediate System (IS) | An OSI system which performs network layer forwarding. It is analogous to an IP router. See also: Open Systems Interconnection, router. |
| Intermediate System-Intermediate System (IS-IS) | The OSI IGP. See also: Open Systems Interconnection, Interior Gateway Protocol. |
| International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | A voluntary, nontreaty organization founded in 1946 which is responsible for creating international standards in many areas, including computers and communications. Its members are the national standards organizations of the 89 member countries, including ANSI for the U.S. See also: American National Standards Institute, Open Systems Interconnection. Source: TAN |
| Internaut | Yet another term for someone who uses the Internet. |
| internet | Not to be confused with Internet which is usually written with a capital I, this internet is a group of local area networks (LANs) that have been connected by means of a common communications protocol. Many internets exist besides the Internet, including many TCP/IP based networks that are not linked to the Internet. The Defense Data Network is a case in point. |
| Internet | (note the capital "I") The Internet is the largest internet in the world. Is a three level hierarchy composed of backbone networks (e.g., NSFNET, MILNET), mid-level networks, and stub networks. The Internet is a multiprotocol internet. Originating in Department of Defense research in the 1960's and 1970's, the present Internet is a collection of networks maintained by governments, international organizations, commercial providers, businesses, and academic institutions. See also: backbone, mid-level network, stub network, transit network, Internet Protocol, Corporation for Research and Educational Networks, National Science Foundation. |
| Internet account | An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider) that allows you to access the Internet. |
| internet address | An IP address that uniquely identifies a node on an internet. An Internet address (capital "I"), uniquely identifies a node on the Internet. See also: internet, Internet, IP address. |
| Internet Architecture Board (IAB) | The technical body that oversees the development of the Internet suite of protocols. It has two task forces: the IETF and the IRTF. "IAB" previously stood for Internet Activities Board. See also: Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Research Task Force. |
| Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) | The central registry for various Internet protocol parameters, such as port, protocol and enterprise numbers, and options, codes and types. The currently assignedvalues are listed in the "Assigned Numbers" document [STD2]. To request a number assignment, contact the IANA at "iana@isi.edu". See also: assigned numbers, STD. |
| Internet backbone | This superfast network spanning the world from one major metropolitan area to another is provided by a handful of national Internet service providers (ISPs). These companies and organizations use connections running at approximately 45 MB per second (T3 lines) linked up at specified interconnection points called national access points. Local ISPs connect to this backbone through routers so that data can be carried though the backbone to its destination. |
| Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) | ICMP is an extension to the Internet Protocol. It allows for the generation of error messages, test packets and informational messages related to IP. It is defined in STD 5, RFC 792. Source: FYI4 |
| Internet-Draft (I-D) | Internet-Drafts are working documents of the IETF, its Areas, and its Working Groups. As the name implies, Internet-Drafts are draft documents. They are valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. Very often, I-Ds are precursors to RFCs. See also: Internet Engineering Task Force, Request For Comments. |
| Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) | The IESG is composed of the IETF Area Directors and the IETF Chair. It provides the first technical review of Internet standards and is responsible for day-to-day "management" of the IETF. See also: Internet Engineering Task Force. |
| Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | The IETF is a large, open community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers whose purpose is to coordinate the operation, management and evolution of the Internet, and to resolve short-range and mid-range protocol and architectural issues. It is a major source of proposals for protocol standards which are submitted to the IAB for final approval. The IETF meets three times a year and extensive minutes are included in the IETF Proceedings. See also: Internet, Internet Architecture Board. Source: FYI4 |
| Internet Experiment Note (IEN) | A series of reports pertinent to the Internet. IENs were published in parallel to RFCs and are no longer active. See also: Internet-Draft, Request For Comments. |
| Internet Explorer | Microsoft's Web browser. One of the rival browsers of Netscape, Internet Explorer supports many of the Netscape HTML extensions, as well as some innovative ones of its own (such as bgsound src, allowing a sound file to automatically load when a Web page is accessed). The Explorer is available for Macintosh computers as well as Windows 3.1, Windows NT and Windows 95. |
| Internet Monthly Report (IMR) | Published monthly, the purpose of the Internet Monthly Reports is to communicate to the Internet Research Group the accomplishments, milestones reached, or problems discovered by the participating organizations. |
| internet number | See: internet address |
| Internet Protocol (IP) | The Internet Protocol, defined in STD 5, RFC 791, is the network layer for the TCP/IP Protocol Suite. It is a connectionless, best-effort packet switching protocol. See also: packet switching, Request For Comments, TCP/IP Protocol Suite. See also Introduction to Protocols |
| Internet Registry (IR) | The IANA has the discretionary authority to delegate portions of its responsibility and, with respect to network address and Autonomous System identifiers, has lodged this responsibility with an IR. The IR function is performed by the DDN NIC. See also: Autonomous System, network address, Defense Data Network..., Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. |
| Internet Relay Chat (IRC) | A world-wide "party line" protocol that allows one to converse with others in real time. IRC is structured as a network of servers, each of which accepts connections from client programs, one per user. See also: talk. Source: HACKER |
| Internet Research Steering Group (IRSG) | The "governing body" of the IRTF. See also: Internet Research Task Force. Source: MALAMUD |
| Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) | The IRTF is chartered by the IAB to consider long-term Internet issues from a theoretical point of view. It has Research Groups, similar to IETF Working Groups, which are each tasked to discuss different research topics. Multi-cast audio/video conferencing and privacy enhanced mail are samples of IRTF output. See also: Internet Architecture Board, Internet Engineering Task Force, Privacy Enhanced Mail. |
| Internet security | Information travelling on the Internet usually takes a circuitous route through several intermediary computers to reach any destination computer. The actual route your information takes to reach its destination is not under your control. As your information travels on Internet computers, any intermediary computer has the potential to eavesdrop and make copies. An intermediary computer could even deceive you and exchange information with you by misrepresenting itself as your intended destination. These possibilities make the transfer of confidential information such as passwords or credit card numbers susceptible to abuse. This is where Internet security comes in and why it has become a rapidly growing concern for all who use the Internet. SEE ALSO Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), and secure channel. |
| Internet Society (ISOC) | The Internet Society is a non-profit, professional membership organization which facilitates and supports the technical evolution of the Internet, stimulates interest in and educates the scientific and academic communities, industry and the public about the technology, uses and applications of the Internet, and promotes the development of new applications for the system. The Society provides a forum for discussion and collaboration in the operation and use of the global Internet infrastructure. The Internet Society publishes a quarterly newsletter, the Internet Society News, and holds an annual conference, INET. The development of Internet technical standards takes place under the auspices of the Internet Society with substantial support from the Corporation for National Research Initiatives under a cooperative agreement with the US Federal Government. Source: V. Cerf |
| Internetwork Packet eXchange (IPX) | Novell's protocol used by Netware. A router with IPX routing can interconnect LANs so that Novell Netware clients and servers can communicate. See also: Local Area Network. |
| internetworking | The term "network" has many different meanings depending on the person or company, and the context in which the network is being used. One well accepted definition is "a configuration of data processing devices and software connected for information storage and interchange". Then an "internetwork" might be defined as "communication between data processing devices on one network and other possibly dissimilar devices on another network". |
| InterNIC | Internet Network Information Center - A repository of information about the Internet. It is divided into two parts: 1) directory services, run by AT&T in New Jersey, and 2) registration services, run by Network Solutions in Virginia. It is funded partially by the National Science Foundation and partially by fees that are charged to register Internet domains. |
| interoperability | The ability of software and hardware on multiple machines from multiple vendors to communicate meaningfully. |
| Intranet | A private network inside a company or organization that uses the same kinds of software that you would find on the public Internet, but that is only for internal use. As the Internet has become more popular many of the tools used on the Internet are being used in private networks, for example, many companies have Web servers that are available only to employees. Note that an "Intranet" may not actually be an Internet, it may simply be a network. |
| I/O port | Input/output port - Any socket in the back of a computer that you use to connect to another piece of hardware is called an I/O port. Some devices that don't seem that difficult to install also take advantage of PnP standards. A Plug and Play monitor, for example, can communicate with both Windows 95 and the graphics adapter to automatically set itself at the maximum refresh rate supported for a chosen resolution. PnP also ensures that the monitor will not be driven beyond its capabilities. |
| IP | Internet Protocol - A scheme that enables information to be routed from one network to another. |
| IP address | Internet Protocol Address - A numeric address that is given to servers and users connected to the Internet. For servers it is translated into a domain name by a Domain Name Server aka the DNS. When you get "online" you are assigned an IP address by your Internet Service Provider (ISP). This IP address may be the same everytime you log on (this is called a static IP) or it can change and be assigned each time you connect based on what's available. Most Internet users prefer the static IP because this allows you to use software such as Internet Phone or CUSEEME more easily, which needs to know an IP address in order to connect to another user. If your IP is automatically assigned based on what's available then someone trying to "call" you with an Internet Phone program will not be able to connect unless you somehow identify what your current IP address is and transmit that information to them somehow, so they could then point to the current and correct address. |
| IP datagram | See: datagram |
| IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 or IPng (Internet Protocol next generation) is an Internet Protocol (IP) which is designed to be an evolutionary step from IPv4. It is a natural increment to IPv4. It can be installed as a normal software upgrade in internet devices and is interoperable with the current IPv4. Its deployment strategy is designed to not have any flag days or other dependencies. IPng is designed to run well on high performance networks and at the same time is still efficient for low bandwidth networks. In addition, it provides a platform for new Internet functionality that will be required in the near future. IPng is intended to support Internet traffic for many years into the future by providing enhancements over the capabilities of the existing IPv4 service. |
| IPX | See: Internetwork Packet eXchange |
| IR | See: Internet Registry |
| IRC | Internet Relay Chat - A live chat area of the Internet in which real-time conversations among two or more people take place via IRC software, ASCII commands, and channels. Each channel begins with a # and is dedicated to a different area of interest. IRC is considered another part of the technology of the Internet the same way FTP, Telnet, Gopher, and the Web are. Because IRC requires special software, knowledge of more technical commands and it's overall non-graphical environment approach to chatting, many people tend to chat in chat rooms found on the World Wide Web. For a list of essential IRC commands click on the more button below. SEE ALSO: chat, chat acronyms, e-mail shorthand |
| IRL | In Real Life - A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum. |
| IRQ | Interrupt request - In PCs, an IRQ is a signal from a piece of hardware (such as a keyboard or sound card) indicating that it needs the CPU to do something. The interrupt request signals run along the IRQ lines to an interrupt controller that assigns priorities to incoming IRQs and delivers them to the CPU. Since the interrupt controller expects signals from only one device per IRQ line, if you have more than one device sending IRQ signals along the same line, you get an IRQ conflict that can freeze your machine. This is why assigning IRQs to new hardware as you install it is so important--and why it can be such a pain when it goes wrong. |
| IRSG | See: Internet Research Steering Group |
| IRTF | See: Internet Research Task Force |
| IS | See: Intermediate System |
| ISAPI | Internet Server Application Program Interface - This is an application programming interface, created by Process Software and Microsoft, which is tailored to Internet servers. ISAPI uses Windows' dynamic link libraries (DLLs) to make processes faster than under regular APIs. |
| ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network - Provides the fastest commercially available link to the Internet. ISDN is a set of communications standards allowing a single wire or optical fibre to carry voice, digital network services and video. ISDN is intended to eventually replace the plain old telephone system or POTS. ISDN was first published as one of the 1984 ITU-T Red Book recommendations. The 1988 Blue Book recommendations added many new features. ISDN uses mostly existing Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) switches and wiring, upgraded so that the basic "call" is a 64 kilobits per second, all-digital end-to-end channel. Packet and frame modes are also provided in some places. |
| IS-IS | See: Intermediate System-Intermediate System |
| ISO | See: International Organization for Standardization |
| ISO Development Environment (ISODE) | Software that allows OSI services to use a TCP/IP network. Pronounced eye-so-dee-eee. See also: Open Systems Interconnection, TCP/IP Protocol Suite. |
| ISOC | See: Internet Society |
| ISODE | See: ISO Development Environment |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider - A company that provides access to the Internet. Before you can connect to the Internet you must first establish an account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP). ISP's have a wide range of prices and packages for users to choose from. There are accounts custom tailored for high level users and Web designers and accounts for the more moderate Internet user. The best thing to do when choosing an ISP is to be sure they have a local access number so you won't have to dial long distance to connect, also try to get an account that offers unlimited access as well as storage on the company's server to house your own Web site. You can learn more about choosing the right ISP for you by clicking on the more button below. |
